Governança de Redes em Situações de Crises – Caso da Covid-19 em Manaus

Abstract

With the advancement of global crises triggered by natural disasters, or those caused by human hands, it is necessary to understand how the State, organizations, individuals and society develop responses to mitigate their effects. Considering the network approach, the objective was to understand the responses in the network format, in the cases investigated regarding the Covid-19 crisis in the city of Manaus. Using the concepts of networks, collective action, tragedy of the commons and collaborative governance, the guiding statement was created that temporary networks to combat crises are characterized by quick decisions, based on expertise and adaptive governance. The work is justified by the rarity of empirical evidence on the organization of networks and the role of governance in situations of major crises. This article presents data from nine networks investigated by the authors, constituting an important benefit due to the quantity and quality of data, collected using monitoring and interview techniques. The results confirmed the guiding statement of the specificity of the structure and operation of networks in crisis situations. Regarding literature, some differences emerged. For example, trust and previous experiences were not necessary for the birth and development of the network. In the end, it was concluded that crisis combat networks are ad hoc, self-organized, and are characterized by rapid mobilization and demobilization. Governance is informal, with an absence of contractual instruments and massive collaboration. The article has the theoretical benefit of organizing and proposing a set of variables that were decisive in the formation of nine networks in a Covid-19 crisis situation, in the city of Manaus.