A sustentabilidade como avanço civilizatório no planeta do Deus Natureza: de Baruch Spinoza à racionalidade adaptativa

Abstract

Sustainability, more than just an environmental concept, represents a civilizational advancement essential for balancing humanity and nature. However, its dissemination faces significant obstacles in the contemporary context, marked by the rise of neofundamentalism, characterized by ideological rigidity, intolerance and the propagation of denialism toward science, that not only ignore the complexities of the globalized world but also discredit sustainable initiatives. This article investigates how adaptive rationalism can offer a viable theoretical alternative to overcoming such obstacles. Inspired by Baruch Spinoza’s integrated view of nature and humanity and by neorationalism, it argues that sustainability should be understood as an ethical and philosophical goal, transcending mere technical efficiency. Overcoming these obstacles depends on a rationality that is both critical and adaptive, capable of confronting the complex challenges of a transforming world and fostering the construction of more equitable and sustainable societies while preserving the main pillars of science.