Integrated approach and multilevel governance for urban areas in the European Union

Abstract

Cohesion Policy is currently experiencing an unprecedented crisis due to strong geopolitical tensions, international trade disputes, and emergencies related to the ecological and digital transition. In a global context dominated by the need for immediate responses, this long-term structural strategy is struggling to find its proper place: in the current integration process, it seeks not only economic balance, but also to bridge social and territorial fractures through targeted investments in both infrastructure networks and the development of human capital. The ultimate goal remains to ensure that every citizen of the Union enjoys equal prospects and living standards, regardless of their geographical or professional location. This paper examines European policies by analyzing the role of local authorities and their resources (first paragraph) in an integrated governance approach aimed at overcoming territorial, social, economic, and digital asymmetries. In the second and third sections, the paper reviews European initiatives on the place-based approach and “collaborative cities,” both attempts at targeted local interventions, including through cooperation between residents, institutions, and nonprofit actors. The final paragraph highlights the fundamental role of the Committee of the Regions, which reiterated the importance of digital strategies, as Europe’s economic success and social equity also depend on integrated and multilevel sub-state investment choices.