Gaea - Journal of Geoscience https://revistas.unisinos.br/index.php/gaea Gæa – Journal of Geoscience pt-BR <p>I grant the journal <em><strong>Gæa – Journal of Geoscience</strong></em> the first publication of my article, licensed under Creative Commons Attribution license (which allows sharing of work, recognition of authorship and initial publication in this journal).</p><p>I confirm that my article is not being submitted to another publication and has not been published in its entirely on another journal. I take full responsibility for its originality and I will also claim responsibility for charges from claims by third parties concerning the authorship of the article.</p><p>I also agree that the manuscript will be submitted according to the journal’s publication rules described above.</p> ftognoli@unisinos.br (Francisco Tognoli) ftognoli@unisinos.br (Francisco Tognoli) Fri, 17 Jun 2016 09:54:15 -0300 OJS 3.3.0.11 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 Acta Geologica Leopoldensia (1976-2004) e Gaea – Journal of Geoscience (2005-2016): contribuição à evolução do conhecimento geológico do Brasil e da América do Sul https://revistas.unisinos.br/index.php/gaea/article/view/11812 Francisco Tognoli Copyright (c) https://revistas.unisinos.br/index.php/gaea/article/view/11812 Thu, 16 Jun 2016 00:00:00 -0300 Pollen diversity in cerrado’s fitophisionomies in central Brazil and palaeoenvironmental implications https://revistas.unisinos.br/index.php/gaea/article/view/gaea.2016.91.01 <p>The <em>Cerrado</em> is one of the most biodiverse biomes of Brazil and contains a great diversity of fitophysionomies. Over the past millennia, the vegetation of the<em>Cerrado</em> has been modified and influenced greatly by the climate changes and other factors, shaping the diversity exhibited today. Palynological studies of Quaternary sediments of the <em>Cerrado</em>’s region is an important source of information about these changes and about the history of this type of vegetation. The interpretation of this palinological records is improved by the characterization of modern pollen spectra and determination of the relationship between them and modern vegetation. With this purpose, this catalog presents the results of the analysis of surface samples collected in three national parks, where the native vegetation of the <em>Cerrado</em> is preserved. Sixty pollen types are described and information about their occurrence and abundance in the different environments of the <em>Cerrado</em> is given. Additionally, pollen taxa that can be considered paleo-indicators of certain fitophysionomies are determined.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Cerrado, pollen morphology, fitophysionomies.</p> Raquel Franco Cassino, Caroline Thaís Martinho, Silane Caminha Copyright (c) https://revistas.unisinos.br/index.php/gaea/article/view/gaea.2016.91.01 Thu, 16 Jun 2016 00:00:00 -0300 Natural associations of Mesogondolella spp. conodonts, Itararé Group, Cisuralian of Paraná Basin https://revistas.unisinos.br/index.php/gaea/article/view/gaea.2016.91.02 <p>Conodonts are primitive chordates which lived during the Paleozoic up to their complete extinction at the Triassic. Exclusively marine, they are widely used in biostratigraphic studies and in studies about vertebrates’ evolution, nowadays, in a new bias, with the discoveries of natural associations of multi-element that helps to better understand the evolutionary mechanisms of the first vertebrates and the paleobiology of this group. Researchers from the Earth and Life Museum of the Paleontological Center in the Contestado University (CENPALEO) found tens of ramiform elements near Mafra, southern Brazil, which macroscopically were similar with porifera spicule, common in the outcrops of the region. After a more detailed analysis, these elements were identified as conodonts feeding apparatuses, in general complete and well-preserved. This article describes the feeding apparatuses of conodonts of the first occurrence of conodonts in the Paraná Basin. They represent gondolelids conodonts belonging to the <em>Mesogondolella</em> genus, a well-known Cisuralian marker. It is also discussed the faunas of these primitive chordate, according to the natural associations found in the Lontras Shale, Itararé Group, Paraná Basin.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Mesogondolella, Cisuralian, Lontras Shale, Permocarboniferous.</p> Everton Wilner, Valesca Brasil Lemos, Ana Karina Scomazzon Copyright (c) https://revistas.unisinos.br/index.php/gaea/article/view/gaea.2016.91.02 Thu, 16 Jun 2016 00:00:00 -0300 In-situ Late Triassic fossil conifer woods from the fluvial channel deposits of the Soturno River (Caturrita Formation, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) https://revistas.unisinos.br/index.php/gaea/article/view/gaea.2016.91.03 <p>Three new fossil gymnosperm woods are described from a new outcrop exposed on the margins of the Soturno River, State of Rio Grande do Sul, eastward located in relation to other well-known petrified forests from São Pedro do Sul and Mata, in South Brazil. The interest of their study lays on the<em> in situ</em> condition of the woods and its inclusion in the fluvial deposits of the Caturrita Formation, at Faxinal do Soturno County, from where such kind of fossil material were known only recently. The analysis allows to assign it to the conifers <em>Agathoxylon africanum</em> (Bamford) Kurzawe and Merlotti, <em>Megaporoxylon kaokense </em>Kräusel and <em>Chapmanoxylon</em> sp. cf. C. <em>jamuriense</em> Pant and Singh. Previously known mainly from Permian localities of Gondwana (Namibia, India and South America), and with few Triassic representatives, the field relations and stratigraphic context suggest a Late Triassic age and a life around low sinuosity river systems under the influence of climatic seasonal dry conditions.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> fossil woods, <em>Agathoxylon, Megaporoxylon, Chapmanoxylon</em>, Late Triassic, Brazil.</p> Alexandra Crisafulli, Rafael Herbst, Tânia Lindner Dutra Copyright (c) https://revistas.unisinos.br/index.php/gaea/article/view/gaea.2016.91.03 Thu, 16 Jun 2016 00:00:00 -0300 The use of MS ACCESS for database in the management of collections: A case study in Paleontological museums https://revistas.unisinos.br/index.php/gaea/article/view/gaea.2016.91.04 <p>A new approach incataloguing fossil samples stored in scientific collection is herein presented. By the use of a Databases and their management, a query mode inpaleontological collections is applied using the Microsoft Office ACCESS tool. With this purpose, two Brazilian paleontological collection were usedto verify the internal management and facilities of this application, the Paleoinvertebrates repository from the National Museum of Rio de Janeiro(MN), at UFRJ (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro), and the Paleobotany and Paleoinvertebrate collections from LaViGæa/MHGEO Museum, atUnisinos (Vale do Rio dos Sinos University). The databases were developed using previous enters furnished by the Catalogue books (e.g. sourcelocality and taxonomy) and in accord with its page disposition – a table form. It takes into account that in a Database, a table is a basic componentand represents a group of data. Fifteen tables were constructed, with the main ones (“Tbl Paleoinvertebrados” or “Tbl Paleobotânica”) and therelated secondaries, whose data are stored in the principal one. Therefore, 34 (MN) and 33 (LaViGæa, Unisinos) fields were constructed, with acapacity of storage of more than 900,000 samples. The data is inserted through the form “Frm_ Paleoinvertebrados” or “Frm_ Paleobotânica”, since all of the fields are easily viewed, which minimizes the mistakes. The Databases constructed, using the ACCESS, demonstrate its easy performanceand agility in data insertion. The use of a Tab key allows to access the fields, and a “Combo Box” in the majority of the fields (32) allowsto automatically save the data with a click in the specific name. The system is able to print labels, attach photos and has “a query mode”, allimportant resources in doing any research faster and useful. The good resolution and innovation of this project was mainly due to the partnershipbetween researchers and the programmer.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> MS ACCESS, Database, Fossil collections management, query mode.</p> Coryntho A. Santos, Marcia F. A. Santos, Vera M. M. Fonseca, Tânia L. Dutra, Gabriela da R. Corrêa Copyright (c) https://revistas.unisinos.br/index.php/gaea/article/view/gaea.2016.91.04 Thu, 16 Jun 2016 00:00:00 -0300 Taphonomic aspects and the Lilliput Effect on Devonian discinoids of the Paraná Basin, Apucarana Sub-basin, Brazil https://revistas.unisinos.br/index.php/gaea/article/view/gaea.2016.91.05 <p>Discinoids are exclusively marine, epibenthic, inarticulate brachiopods, which use their pedicle to attach to the substrate. The global stratigraphic range of the genera range from the ?Ordovician to Holocene, but the Devonian period was the climax of this group. They have a broad geographical distribution and, in Brazil, are found in the Paraná, Amazonas, Parnaíba and Parecis basins. The discinoids from the Paraná Basin are found in the Ponta Grossa and São Domingos formations. Three genera of discinoids are recorded in the Brazilian Devonian strata, <em>Orbiculoidea, Gigadiscina</em> and <em>Rugadiscina</em>. Five species are recognized in the Paraná basin (<em>Orbiculoidea baini, Orbiculoidea bodenbenderi, Orbiculoidea excentrica, Gigadiscina collis </em>and <em>Rugadiscina</em> sp.). As far the taphonomy is concerned, the discinoids can be found isolated or in clusters, as complete and articulated valves, or as complete and disarticulated valves and/or fragmented valves, and constitute assemblages of shoreface and offshore settings. The analysis presented herein establishes the stratigraphic range of the Discinidae family between the late Pragian and the early Givetian. <em>Orbiculoidea baini</em> and <em>Orbiculoidea excentrica </em>showed phenotypes with reduced size attributed to the Lilliput Effect. This effect resulted of a biotic crisis recorded shortly before the collapse of Malvinokaffric fauna that caused a global extinction, the Ka?ák Event, in the Eifelian-Givetian transition.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Discinoids, Lilliput Effect, Devonian, Ka?ák Event, Taphonomy.</p> Jeanninny Carla Comniskey, Elvio Pinto Bosetti, Rodrigo Scalise Horodyski Copyright (c) https://revistas.unisinos.br/index.php/gaea/article/view/gaea.2016.91.05 Thu, 16 Jun 2016 00:00:00 -0300